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Designing Automotive Interior Lighting Using the Light Guide Designer

Kin Wai Yip

Feb 03, 2025 / 5 min read

Imagine stepping into a luxury vehicle where the interior lighting seamlessly enhances the ambiance, creating a sophisticated and inviting atmosphere. Achieving such an effect requires precision and innovation in design. The application of automotive interior lighting systems in luxury vehicles has become increasingly popular. These systems often require light guides to create uniform illuminance and ambiance within the vehicle.

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Figure 1: Light Guides Used in Interior Lighting / Image source: Shutterstock

Optical engineers can use the Light Guide Designer module in LucidShape CAA V5 Based to design for such automotive interior lighting applications.  We’ll cover how to optimize light guides for uniform illuminance and create an ambient lighting atmosphere.  We will also explore methods to visualize the effects and identify issues early in the design phase.


Setting Clear Design Objectives

The primary goal is to design an interior lighting system using ambient lighting. The light guide should provide uniform illumination without being directly observed. We will use an existing vehicle model for simplicity, aiming for uniform illuminance and a uniform visual appearance of the lit section.

Key Objectives:

  • Design and optimize light guide for uniform illuminance
  • Conduct luminance simulation to evaluate visual appearance
  • No specific regulation requirements

For this project, we will use the door pocket in the Audi R8 model. The light guide will be constructed to avoid interference with the existing model.

Door pocket of vehicle interior | 金莲直播

Bringing Designs to Life with the Visualization Module

The Visualization Module in LucidShape CAA provides tools for realistic renderings of designs, both lit and unlit. It uses environment sources, backward simulations, and the HEVI (Human Eye Vision Image) tool to generate accurate visualizations based on physically correct inputs.

Figure 2: Visualization of Lit Appearance in LucidShape CAA V5 Based | 金莲直播

Figure 2: Visualization of Lit Appearance

Light Guide Design Module Introduction

The Light Guide Design Module in LucidShape CAA enables the creation and optimization of light guide systems for spatial uniformity of flux extraction and angular centroid pointing direction. Utilizing CATIA geometry, the module allows for the design of light guides, addition of prism extractors, sensors, sources, and other necessary components.

Figure 3: Light Guide Designer Module in LucidShape CAA V5 Based | 金莲直播

Figure 3: Light Guide Designer Module in LucidShape CAA V5 Based

The Design Flow in LucidShape CAA V5 Based

The design flow involves several key steps, starting with the creation of light guide geometry. This includes defining the path curve, cross section, and guide surface, followed by the addition of prisms. Using the Light Guide Designer module, we can easily and quickly optimize the light guide. Once the light guide is modeled, the next step is to set up the visualization, including the luminance camera and environmental light source. Simulations are then run to evaluate the design vis-à-vis the lit appearance, and tone mapping is applied to enhance the visual results.

Modeling

We begin by preparing the vehicle and light guide model for simulation and analysis with the following steps. 

Vehicle Model:

  • Clean up the vehicle model.
  • Apply material properties in LucidShape CAA V5 Based.
  • Extract Spline Curve from Vehicle Model.

Subsequently, we set up the light guide model in LucidShape CAA V5 Based. Note that we use mostly default settings as this is the preliminary design phase.

Light Guide Modeling:

  1. Construct a light guide using the path curve with default settings.
  2. Evaluate the light guide dimensions within the door pocket.
  3. Optimize the light guide for uniform illumination.
Figure 4: Evaluation of Light Guide in Door Pocket | 金莲直播

Figure 4: Evaluation of Light Guide in Door Pocket

Visualization

Visualization of the vehicle interior is an essential step to evaluate the effectiveness and aesthetic appeal of the lighting design. The process begins with setting up a simple visualization analysis. This involves creating an environment light source to mimic real-world lighting conditions. Alongside this, a luminance camera is set up to capture detailed images of the light distribution. The software is then configured for a backward ray trace to simulate the vehicle's interior environment.

Once the initial setup is complete, the light guide model is included in the visualization. Unlit and lit appearances are produced with separate scalings of the luminance images. This technique allows for the separate simulation of the vehicle interior and light guide, and the concurrent evaluation of the light guide within the door pocket. 

Figure 5: Preliminary Visualization of Vehicle Interior | 金莲直播

Figure 5: Preliminary Visualization of Vehicle Interior

Figure 6: Unlit and Lit Appearance Combinations | 金莲直播

Figure 6: Unlit and Lit Appearance Combinations

Design Reiterations

Here, we ensure that the final lighting system meets all objectives. The first step involves identifying any issues with the initial design. This could include problems with illumination uniformity, unexpected shadows, or any other performance shortfalls observed during simulation and visualization. 

Once these issues are pinpointed, the next step is to reconsider the material properties. Adjusting the material properties can significantly impact the light distribution and overall performance of the light guide. After reassessing the materials, the light guide should be redesigned to address the identified issues. This redesign aims to achieve better illumination distribution and enhance the overall effectiveness of the lighting system. 

Figure 7: Examine cross section luminance when redesigning the light guide | 金莲直播

Figure 7: Examine cross section luminance when redesigning the light guide

Through these iterative steps, the design can be refined and optimized to meet the desired performance standards. By utilizing Product Level simulations, the optimization and evaluation of the light guide vis-à-vis the lit appearance can be done seamlessly. 

Enhancing Visuals with Tone Mapping

Tone mapping is essential in visualizing the final design. By combining the luminance images, we can create photorealistic evaluations of the interior lighting setup under different brightness conditions. Advanced Analysis tools in LucidShape CAA V5 Based allow for detailed analysis and fine-tuning of the tone mapping process within a comprehensive interface.

Figure 8: Unlit and Lit Appearances in Advanced Analysis | 金莲直播

Figure 8: Unlit and Lit Appearances in Advanced Analysis

Conclusion: Bringing It All Together

In conclusion, we have demonstrated a comprehensive design process for creating, assessing, and visualizing an interior lighting setup using LucidShape CAA V5 Based. The Light Guide Design module facilitates easy customization and quick optimization of the light guide, while the Visualization module generates luminance results.  Advanced Analysis is useful for combining luminance results to create photorealistic scenes and for analysis.

Further iterations and refinements can enhance the design, ensuring optimal performance and visual appeal.

For a detailed walkthrough and to see the entire process in action, be sure to view the full tech talk video. It provides an in-depth look at each step and offers additional insights into optimizing automotive interior lighting designs.

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